Compte rendu de la Conférence

L'étude de l'Histoire n'a pas toujours été la même. Par exemple, notre vision de l'Histoire aujourd'hui n'est pas la même que celle des années 70'. Et un exemple de cette différence qui est assez majeur, est le fait que l'Histoire des femmes n'a pas toujours été traitée ( en effet le premier cours ne date que de 1973 ).

Les années 70' ont marqué le début d'une prise de conscience des Femmes et le début d'un véritable intérêt historique pour leur Histoire.

Mais aujourd'hui nous n'en sommes plus là. La Recherche sur l'Histoire des Femmes est passée à la recherche sur l'Histoire des Genres.

Les Femmes à Athènes au Vème siecle avant J.C ...

Tout d'abord nous n'avons quasiment aucun écrit des femmes de cette époque et par conséquent il est très difficile d'avoir des informations sur elles sans passer par une autre vision qui n'est pas la leur: celle des hommes...

Les femmes et le mariage

Pour une femme grecque, le mariage n'est pas un statut sûr mais précaire. En effet elle peut être répudiée à tout moment par son mari. Le divorce est une chose commune et les contestations sur le simple fait qu'il y ait eu un réel mariage sont nombreuses. S'il y a divorce, la femme retourne chez son père.

Les femmes et les enfants

En raison d'une forte mortalité infantile les femmes ne s'attachaient pas trop à leurs tous petits. En effet un bébé sur quatre arrivait à l'âge adulte.

L'accouchement a quelque chose de très sacré, la présence divine est requise. La femme qui a donné des enfants est très respectée. D'ailleurs les Grecs considéraient que la mort en couches étaient l'équivalent d'une mort à la guerre chez les hommes.

Les femmes et la justice

Les femmes sont considérées comme mineures et sont toujours sous la tutelle du kurios ( tuteur mâle qui peut être mari, père, frère ou même fils de la femme ). Elles ne peuvent mener une action en justice qu'à la condition qu'elles soient représentées par celui ci. Elles n'héritent jamais directement mais avaient pour autant quelques biens ( bijoux, robes ...). Les seules à le pouvoir sont les femmes n'ayant pas de frère, les épiclères qui ont le droit de propriété foncière.

Les femmes et la religion

Les femmes sortent très peu et la religion est le seul domaine dans lequel elles peuvent intervenir. Elles y occupent même une place importante dans ce qui est des cultes familiaux ou encore des Panathénées où elles offraient à la déesse Athéna le manteau qu'elles avaient brodé.

Les femmes dans l'imaginaire des hommes

A Athènes il y a une inégalité très forte entre les hommes et les femmes. Mais on remarque la présence de déesses féminines dans la religion qui ont de réelles responsabilités au même titre que les dieux. Il y a une sorte de paradoxe entre la réalité et l'imaginaire des hommes grecques: ils priaient et invoquaient des déesses mais considèraient quand même que "la figure la plus emblématique du barbare était la femme barbare !"

Amandine, Perdola et Camille

Publié à 13:24 par Mosquito | Catégorie: les femmes à Athènes au Vème siècle avant JC: la conférence de Pauline Schmitt-Pantel | Lien permanent | Envoi de cette publication par courrier électronique | Commentaires (13)

Commentaires

Re : Compte rendu de la Conférence

Un excellent compte rendu !

vidalnaquet à 30/11/2007 13:25

chenlina

à 12/08/2015 04:03

happy

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à 12/07/2016 08:55