Martin Luther King's Day était le 15 janvier, et Février est Black History Month. Mais vous pouvez aussi choisir de présenter "Woolworth's lunch counter sit-in in Greensboro" le 1er février, ou la déségragation de Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, ou encore les histoires de Rosa parks ou de Emmett Till. Voici des adresses pour présenter tous ces évènements.

February 1st : the story of the Greensboro four

Here are links to go on to Black history month (February) with this less known story. The Woolworth's lunch counter sit-in in Greensboro started on February 1st 1960 with four students and a modest idea spurred on by the brutal killing of 14-year-old Emmett Till. To learn more about Emmett Till, see those links in le Café Pédagogique about him and Rosa Parks, who died last year:
http://www.cafepedagogique.net/lemensuel/lenseignant/languesvivantes/anglais/Pages/2005/67_accueil.aspx
Then read more on PBS, with a timeline of the events:
http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/februaryone/sitin.html
Greensboro sit-ins : an interesting site about the events
http://www.sitins.com/index.shtml
a timeline of the Civil Rights (placing the full desegregation of schools in 1971!)
http://www.sitins.com/timeline.shtml
a lot of audio testimonies and interview of the actors (no scripts), a photo gallery and a video of the inauguration of the statue built in memory of the events
http://www.sitins.com/keyplayers.shtml
http://www.sitins.com/multimedia.shtml
About school desegragation, you can train your students to read long stories with this site about Melba Pattillo and the desegregation of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas.
http://teacher.scholastic.com/barrier/hwyf/mpbstory/index.htm

January 15th : MLK Day

Martin Luther King Day is each year on the 3rd Monday in January. This year, MLK Day was on Monday, January 15th 2007. Each year, Infonews and le Café select for you sites that you can use in class : this is an update of last year's Infonews n°264, plus some new sites I found this year.

WARNING!!!!!
If you use a search engine (like google) to find sites about MLK, or worse, if you encourage your students to do so, be warned that there is a supremacist site craftily hidden under the aspect of a normal MLK site.
--> the site martin luther king dot org ( I don't give the link on purpose) is a white supremacist site. At first glance, it looks normal, but when you read it, you soon get shocked (but only if you understand English) and when you look at the signature at the end of the page, you find a group promoting racism and Nazi ideas.

History of the Day
http://stockholm.usembassy.gov/Holidays/celebrate/mlk.html(with the text of "I have a dream")
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/mlkhistory1.html( with a timeline)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Day
http://martin-luther-king-day.123holiday.net/(with a short timeline and some quotes)
http://www.civilrights.org/campaigns/mlk/index.html( an excellent and easy timeline and the making of the holiday)
Remember that:
- MLK Day is the only national holiday commemorating an African American.
- MLK Day is not only a holiday, but a day of services.

Day of service
The moto is : "Make the holiday “A day ON, not a day OFF!”. To learn more about this, hear a speech by Martin Luther King about service, and read this website, suggesting ways to serve or enroll
the page : http://www.thekingcenter.org/holiday/speak.html
the MLK audio file : http://000003s.preview.web-hosters.com/media/rca.ram
a longer page : http://www.thekingcenter.org/holiday/index.asp
a video : http://easylink.playstream.com/cncs/mlkday/mlkday_high.wvx(they want to "move their words to deeds")
the site of the "day of services" : http://www.mlkday.gov/about/overview/index.asp
see also:
"why serve?" : http://www.mlkday.gov/about/why/index.asp
the list of programs and services : http://www.thekingcenter.org/prog/index.asp

A booklet
For young children (to cut out, assemble and color)
http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/6459/mlk.html

Biographies
Short and simple biographies : kindergarten kids have drawn these pictures, and they are a bit simplistic, but the text accompanying them is short and easy and can enable weak students to remember the key moments of MLK's life and his movement. The sentences are in the present : a simple exercise could be to turn all theses sentences in the past to build a biography.
http://www.pps.k12.or.us/schools-c/pages/buckman/timeline/kingframe.html
http://www2.lhric.org/pocantico/taverna/98/1.htm(autre du même type)
for older students or those who prefer a short timeline without pictures:
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/history/us/MLK/timeline.shtml
a full biography
http://www.netstate.com/states/peop/people/ga_mlk.htm

Quizzes with links to find the answers and learn
- A quiz that you do first, without clues, and then you get interesting information in the answers, in short sentences.
http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/mlk/classroom/MLKquiz.html
http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/mlk/king/quiz.html
- "the fight for rights" from Time for Kids : a quiz about black American's fight for their rights, with nice photos and a timeline to find the answers (open both windows)
quiz : http://www.timeforkids.com/TFK/games/white/0,9970,106918,00.html
timeline : http://www.timeforkids.com/TFK/specials/bhm/0,8805,97502,00.html
- this quiz worked well with upper intermediate students : you can print the questions and then they visit the links (they all work this year, and some of the questions have changed.) and look for the answers (the answers are not provided on the site, but for the past five years, my students have always found the answers (en classe de première S)
http://www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/BHM/bh_hunt_quiz.html
- an online quiz to learn. I did it with lower intermediates as a whole class (who had already worked on the simple timeline to know the basic facts), and they love learning about MLK through a game. This "game" is a flash quiz where speed is essential. But don't worry, you can do the quiz several times over, and this even helps to memorize the answers!
http://www.surfnetkids.com/games/king-sw.htm
- for beginners, here is a questionnaire about MLK's time line that you can print. You can even use it without a computer : you then hand out the questionnaire and the timeline.
http://www2.lhric.org/pocantico/taverna/98/webquest.htm

Ready to use worksheets
Activity for the youngest : create a clothesline timeline of MLK
http://www.education-world.com/a_lesson/02/lp248-03.shtml
A crossword
http://www.surfnetkids.com/games/king-cw.htm
A quiz and words to find in a grid
http://www2.lhric.org/pocantico/taverna/98/king.htm
(two level, with a different number of words to find)
*** Lots of activities : quizzes, word search, printouts, printable activity booklets:
http://worksheets.teach-nology.com/misc/mlk/

Webquests
http://lve.scola.ac-paris.fr/anglais/mlkth.php(an easy treasure hunt based on MLK's biography )
http://lve.scola.ac-paris.fr/anglais/MLK/mlkbio.htm(even easier, an interactive online fill in the blanks worksheet for younger children)

"I have a dream"
*** to hear the full speech and read the script as it goes:
http://www.hpol.org/record.php?id=72
http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/historicspeeches.html
to read the text:
http://members.aol.com/klove01/dreamsp.htm
http://members.tripod.com/jean2000/jc/jc9.htm#dream
http://perso.wanadoo.fr/michel.barbot/supports_ce/mlk/have_dream.htm
to hear short extracts:
http://www.npr.org/news/specials/march40th/speeches.html(with other speeches and a short video)
for a full video of the speech which gives a good idea of the atmosphere (thanks to Laurence Bernard on eTeachNet)
http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbUtL_0vAJk&eurl=
http://student.bus.olemiss.edu/files/Evans/OB/MLK_I_Have_A_Dream.wmv

Pages of links and resources
- an excellent and very comprehensive teaching unit by Jérome Quintena. A ready to use teaching unit with nicely designed worksheets:
http://teachers.domainepublic.net/shared/Civi%20Pays%20Anglophones/TERM%20STT%20-%20BLACK%20AMERICANS%20PROJECT-%20J_%20Quintena.doc
or go to http://teachers.domainepublic.net/then choose "documents"; "civilisation"; "Term STT- black American Project"
- a ready to use online page, 4 biographies, three quizzes and seven questions
http://lycees.ac-rouen.fr/pascal/infonews/themes/MLK.htm
- other pages prepared by colleagues
http://www.ac-nancy-metz.fr/enseign/anglais/Henry/mlk.htm
http://lve.scola.ac-paris.fr/anglais/fetes01.php#mlk
- and some more ages of links
http://www.kiddyhouse.com/Holidays/MLK/MLK.html
http://www.theteachersguide.com/Martin%20Luther%20King%20Jr.htm
http://www.cumbavac.org/martin_luther_king.htm
http://k6educators.about.com/cs/martinlutherking/a/mlkingjr2.htm
http://www.educationworld.com/holidays/archives/mlking.shtml

Special reports from TV and magazines
- VOA
"King Holiday Considered 'Mixed Blessing' By Some Historians"(advanced).
http://voanews.com/english/archive/2005-01/2005-01-14-voa25.cfm?CFID=20477635&CFTOKEN=44690881
- Seattle Times
a special report with ideas for the class and links.
http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/mlk/
- PBS
listen to "three perspectives" the interviews of MLK, malcolm X and James Baldwin (no transcript but a teacher's guide).
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/mlk/
- BBC
A short biogaphy, a page about the March on Washington (August 28th 1963), and another about I have a dream, with the audio file and interviews of people who took part.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/king_martin_luther.shtml
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/28/newsid_2656000/2656805.stm
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3170387.stm
- The Encyclopedia Britannica
A guide to African American history. An interesting study guide for advanced students, with videos and audio documents
http://search.eb.com/blackhistory/study/index_eb.htm
- Stanford University
Lots of documented resources for advanced students
http://www.stanford.edu/group/King/mlkpapers/

Articles from Time about MLK (For Time Magazine subscribers only)
if you have a subscription to Time Magazine, you can access the full archives. have a look at the special Time Magazine from January 3rd 1964 "Martin Luther King Junior, man of the year" where MLK was named "man of the year" and where you find the article :
'Every Negro Who Discharges His Duty Faithfully Is Making a Real Contribution'
Article
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,940760,00.html
full magazine : http://www.time.com/time/magazine/0,9263,7601640103,00.html
See also this article "Attack on the Conscience" from Time magazine dated Feb. 18, 1957 : it is horribly full of the word "negro" and you can read : " The man whose word they seek is not a judge, or a lawyer, or a political strategist or a flaming orator. He is a scholarly, 28-year-old Negro Baptist minister, the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., who in little more than a year has risen from nowhere to become one of the nation's remarkable leaders of men." Interesting to have a glimpse at the context of the moment.
http://www.time.com/time/archive/preview/0,10987,809103,00.html
For advanced students too, read this article from Time Magazine dated January 9th 2006, with excerpts from a book describing the last year of his life and how things were changing.
http://www.time.com/time/archive/preview/0,10987,1145260,00.html